Majapahit was an ancient kingdom in Indonesia that have been established from around 1293 to 1500 M. This kingdom reached the peak in the power kejayaannya Hayam Wuruk, in power from 1350 until 1389. Majapahit the other kingdoms in the Malay peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, Bali and the Philippines.
Kingdom of Majapahit was the last Hindu kingdom in the Malay peninsula and is considered as one of the largest country in the history of Indonesia. Power range in Sumatra, Malay peninsula, Borneo and eastern Indonesia, even though his area is still debated.
History of the Kingdom of
Then, Jayakatwang, duke Kediri, Kertanagara have been killed. Aria Wiraraja above suggestions, Jayakatwang to give remission of Raden Wijaya, Kertanegara daughter, who came resign. Raden Wijaya then given forest Pull. He opened the forest and build a new village. The village was named Majapahit, whose name is taken from maja fruit, and the feeling of "bitter" is from the fruit. When the troops arrived Mongolia, Wijaya allied with the army to battle against Mongolia Jayakatwang. Raden Wijaya turn so that the associate Mongolnya force them back home pasukannya interesting is chaotic because they are in foreign territory. When it is also the last opportunity for them to catch wind muson to be able to go home, or they must be forced to wait six more months in a foreign island.
Date used as the definitive date of birth of the kingdom of Majapahit was penobatan Raden Wijaya as king, namely on 10 November 1293. He dinobatkan with the official name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana. Kingdom is facing a problem. Some people trusted Kertarajasa, including Ranggalawe, Sora, and Nambi rebelled melawannya, although the rebellion was not successful. Slamet Muljana suspect that mahapatih Halayudha the ones who do all the conspiracy to topple the king's trusted, so that he can reach the highest positions in government. However, after the death of the last (Kuti), Halayudha arrested and dipenjara, and then die. Wijaya died in the year 1309.
Son and successor Wijaya, Jayanegara, the ruler is an evil and unscrupulous. He digelari Kala Gemet, which means "weak villain". In the year 1328, Jayanegara killed by tabibnya, Tanca. Mother tirinya namely Gayatri Rajapatni should replace it, but choose Rajapatni resigned from the palace and become a priestess. Rajapatni appoint Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi daughter to become queen of Majapahit. During power Tribhuwana, Majapahit kingdom grew to larger and well known in the area. Majapahit Tribhuwana until the death of his mother in the year 1350. It was forwarded by her son, Hayam Wuruk.
Triumph
Hayam Wuruk, also called Rajasanagara, ruled Majapahit from year 1350 to 1389. At the time, Majapahit kejayaannya culminate with the help mahapatihnya, Gajah Mada. Under the direction of the Gajah Mada (1313-1364), Majapahit over more areas. In the year 1377, several years after the death of Gajah Mada, Majapahit sea to reinforce the attack Palembang, the failure remains of the kingdom of Sriwijaya. The other is famous Majapahit Adityawarman, renowned as penaklukannya in Minangkabau.
According Kakawin Nagarakretagama pupuh XIII-XV, the power of Majapahit covering Sumatra, Malay peninsula, Borneo, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara islands, Maluku, Papua, and some islands of the Philippines. However, the nature and limits of economics shows that the areas of power did not seem to be centralized under the authority of Majapahit, but terhubungkan one another by trading monopoly that may be by the king. Majapahit also have relationships with coarse, Cambodia, Siam, southern Burma, and Vietnam, and even send-dutanya ambassador to China.
Decadency
Majapahit slowdown triggered by the civil war (War Paregreg) in the years 1405-1406, between Wirabhumi against Wikramawardhana. Similarly, the turnover has been a king who dipertengkarkan in the year 1450-an, and been a major rebellion by a nobleman in the year 1468.
The kings of Majapahit
1. Raden Wijaya, titled Kertarajasa Jayawardhana (1293 - 1309)
2. Kalagamet, titled Sri Jayanagara (1309 - 1328)
3. Sri Gitarja, titled Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi (1328 - 1350)
4. Hayam Wuruk, titled Sri Rajasanagara (1350 - 1389)
5. Wikramawardhana (1389 - 1429)
6. Suhita (1429 - 1447)
7. Kertawijaya, titled Brawijaya I (1447 - 1451)
8. Rajasawardhana, titled Brawijaya II (1451 - 1453)
9. Purwawisesa or Girishawardhana, titled Brawijaya III (1456 - 1466)
10. Pandanalas, or Suraprabhawa, titled Brawijaya IV (1466 - 1468)
11. Kertabumi, titled Brawijaya V (1468 - 1478)
12. Girindrawardhana, titled Brawijaya VI (1478 - 1498)
13. Hudhara, titled Brawijaya VII (1498-1518)
Kingdom of Majapahit was the last Hindu kingdom in the Malay peninsula and is considered as one of the largest country in the history of Indonesia. Power range in Sumatra, Malay peninsula, Borneo and eastern Indonesia, even though his area is still debated.
History of the Kingdom of
Then, Jayakatwang, duke Kediri, Kertanagara have been killed. Aria Wiraraja above suggestions, Jayakatwang to give remission of Raden Wijaya, Kertanegara daughter, who came resign. Raden Wijaya then given forest Pull. He opened the forest and build a new village. The village was named Majapahit, whose name is taken from maja fruit, and the feeling of "bitter" is from the fruit. When the troops arrived Mongolia, Wijaya allied with the army to battle against Mongolia Jayakatwang. Raden Wijaya turn so that the associate Mongolnya force them back home pasukannya interesting is chaotic because they are in foreign territory. When it is also the last opportunity for them to catch wind muson to be able to go home, or they must be forced to wait six more months in a foreign island.
Date used as the definitive date of birth of the kingdom of Majapahit was penobatan Raden Wijaya as king, namely on 10 November 1293. He dinobatkan with the official name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana. Kingdom is facing a problem. Some people trusted Kertarajasa, including Ranggalawe, Sora, and Nambi rebelled melawannya, although the rebellion was not successful. Slamet Muljana suspect that mahapatih Halayudha the ones who do all the conspiracy to topple the king's trusted, so that he can reach the highest positions in government. However, after the death of the last (Kuti), Halayudha arrested and dipenjara, and then die. Wijaya died in the year 1309.
Son and successor Wijaya, Jayanegara, the ruler is an evil and unscrupulous. He digelari Kala Gemet, which means "weak villain". In the year 1328, Jayanegara killed by tabibnya, Tanca. Mother tirinya namely Gayatri Rajapatni should replace it, but choose Rajapatni resigned from the palace and become a priestess. Rajapatni appoint Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi daughter to become queen of Majapahit. During power Tribhuwana, Majapahit kingdom grew to larger and well known in the area. Majapahit Tribhuwana until the death of his mother in the year 1350. It was forwarded by her son, Hayam Wuruk.
Triumph
Hayam Wuruk, also called Rajasanagara, ruled Majapahit from year 1350 to 1389. At the time, Majapahit kejayaannya culminate with the help mahapatihnya, Gajah Mada. Under the direction of the Gajah Mada (1313-1364), Majapahit over more areas. In the year 1377, several years after the death of Gajah Mada, Majapahit sea to reinforce the attack Palembang, the failure remains of the kingdom of Sriwijaya. The other is famous Majapahit Adityawarman, renowned as penaklukannya in Minangkabau.
According Kakawin Nagarakretagama pupuh XIII-XV, the power of Majapahit covering Sumatra, Malay peninsula, Borneo, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara islands, Maluku, Papua, and some islands of the Philippines. However, the nature and limits of economics shows that the areas of power did not seem to be centralized under the authority of Majapahit, but terhubungkan one another by trading monopoly that may be by the king. Majapahit also have relationships with coarse, Cambodia, Siam, southern Burma, and Vietnam, and even send-dutanya ambassador to China.
Decadency
Majapahit slowdown triggered by the civil war (War Paregreg) in the years 1405-1406, between Wirabhumi against Wikramawardhana. Similarly, the turnover has been a king who dipertengkarkan in the year 1450-an, and been a major rebellion by a nobleman in the year 1468.
The kings of Majapahit
1. Raden Wijaya, titled Kertarajasa Jayawardhana (1293 - 1309)
2. Kalagamet, titled Sri Jayanagara (1309 - 1328)
3. Sri Gitarja, titled Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi (1328 - 1350)
4. Hayam Wuruk, titled Sri Rajasanagara (1350 - 1389)
5. Wikramawardhana (1389 - 1429)
6. Suhita (1429 - 1447)
7. Kertawijaya, titled Brawijaya I (1447 - 1451)
8. Rajasawardhana, titled Brawijaya II (1451 - 1453)
9. Purwawisesa or Girishawardhana, titled Brawijaya III (1456 - 1466)
10. Pandanalas, or Suraprabhawa, titled Brawijaya IV (1466 - 1468)
11. Kertabumi, titled Brawijaya V (1468 - 1478)
12. Girindrawardhana, titled Brawijaya VI (1478 - 1498)
13. Hudhara, titled Brawijaya VII (1498-1518)
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